Gasket



lFcb.' z3, 1932. J OVEN 1,846,402

GASKET Filed Dec. 22, 1930 lio `Patented Feb. 23, 1932 UNITED STATES -PA'ri-ua'r OFFICE .FRANK J. OVEN, OFiCHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNR T0 VICTOR MANUFAC'IYURING'& GASKET COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, .A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS GASKET Application lled December 22, 1930. Serial No. 503,987.`

This invention relates to gaskets and While it is particularly useful in cylinderhead gaskets it can he embodied in manifold and other l gaskets with correspondingly satisfactory results. y

'lhe primary object. of the invention is to reenforce in a novel and eicient manner the marginal edges of the gasket about openings therein` thereby to strengthen the gasket aboutthe openings to protect the marginal edges ot' the gasketagainst heat and pressure7 to provide an etiicient seal. and to prolong the lite of the gasket.

Another object of the invention is to form a curled beaded-reenforcement on the marginal edge about an opening in a niet-al layer for a. gasket., thereby producing an ettcientcushion which will yield to pressure of a joint about the opening therein and the bead haring a plurality of contacting convolutions providing a reenforced. Wall.- about 'the opening in the gasket which will protect the gasket against heat and pressure attlie opening and prolong the life of the gasket. l

sind a further object of the invention is to proride a gasket. having top and bottom met` al layers and an interposed refractory layer. with anintegral curled bead on one metal Th layer at the marginal edge of the gasket about an opening therein and a tlange on the other layer overlapping the curled bead to form a.

strong. sturdy.. substantial but cushionly yielding marginal edge about an opening in the gasket presenting a wall about the opening haring a plurality of thicknesses which yproride` strength to the gasket and resistance against the action of uids. heat and pressure.

ln the accompanying drawings illustrat# ing selected embodiments ot the invention Fig. l is a plan view of a cylinder head gasket.

Fig. 2 is a detail enlargedsectional view on the line 2 2 of Fig. l.

Figs. 3 to 'i' inclusive are similar views showing dijderent forms of the invention.

Fig. 8 is a detail sectional view showing a single metal layer gasket.

F ig. 9 is a plan View of a manifold gasket.

'lhe cylinder head gasket 1 illustrated has comhustion openings 2, water openings 3 and bolt openings 4.. The gasket comprises top and bottom metal layers 5, 6 and an interposed refractory layer 7, Fig. 2.' The metal layers may be made of copper, brass or other metalxor other suitable material and the refractory layer 7 may be made of asbestos or asbestos composition or other suitable heatresisting and elastic material. In Fig. 2 the marginal edge of the top layer 5 about the Combustion opening 2 is curled compactly upon itself to form a volute or bead 8 which has at least a. double Wall facing the opening formed by the nesting contacting outer segment 9 and inner segment 10 of the curl. The curl may have additional convolutions which will provide more segments in the wall of the opening, if desired, butlfor general purposes it will be suicient to provide the two segments!) and 10 which are in close contact with each other. The bottom layer 6 is Y provided with a flange 11 which snugly contacts the segment 9.of the bead 8 and forms therewith a. strong and substantial wall of triple thickness about the opening. The -marginal edge l2 of the flange 11 is seated against the top layer 5 which is preferably depressed at 13 to receive said marginal edge Y e bead is preferably made as snug and tight, as possible Without fracturing the metal, butjthere will always be some open space at the center of the bead, the transverse area of which will vary according to the gage of metal, the character of curling and other conditions. While the wall about the opening is thus composed of several com# pactly nested metal segmentswhich form a. strong and substantial and elicient protection against the action of fluids, heat and pressure, the marginal edge of the gasket w 13 to receive the marginal edge 12 of the flange 11 but this depression of the top layer may be omitted and the marginal edge of the flange 11 seatedl thereon as indicated at 12,-\

Figs. 4 and 5. In Figs. 2 to 5 the refractory layer abuts the curled bead and more or less of the refractory material will be forced in the manufacture of the gasket into the crevices formed by the bead so that the refractory material completely fills the space between the metal layers but is spaced from the Opening in the gasket by thebead and the flange. In these forms the bead completely fills the space between the top layer and the bottom layer about the opening. I may project the refractory materialbeneaththe bead as at 15, Fig. 6, in which case the bead may be flattened to an elliptical shape 16 as in Figs. 3 and 5 but of reduced thickness vertically to permit the refractory material to be projected thereunder and abut the flange 11 about the o eni'ng 2. I may form the bead as shown in Fig. 7 in which the top metal layer 17 is curled to form a-bead 18 on its upper side and the bottom metal layer 19 is provided with a flange 20 which is projected through the opening 2 and is' snugly folded over the bead 18. The construction of Fig. 7 is similar to Fig. -6 except that the bead is formed on the upper side -of the top metal -layer 5 in Fig. 7 and on the under side in Fig. 6.

I may also embody the invention in a single metal layer gasket 21, Fig.l 8, by curling the marginal edge about the opening 2 to form a double wall bead 22. l

I have shown and described the invention with reference to a cylinder head gasket but it may be used in a manifold gasket 23 and in any other gasket for which it ,is or may be` adapted. The invention may be used about any or all of the openings in the gasket and it will also be understood that by illustrating the particular form of gasket in Fig. 1 I do not limit the invention thereto b ut use it simply for explaining the invention.

It is particularly important in high compression engines to provide a strong and substan/tial but cushionly yieldable wall about the combustion openings in a gasket to resist the eect of heat and pressure, and it isalso desirable that the water openings should besimilarly protected, because the efficiency and life of a gasket is dependent upon the resistance of the walls about the protected openings. It is well known that a gasket isliable to blow at any time after the 'wall of a combustion opening is broken by fracture or by wear. My invention provides a protected reenforce which involves no additional parts and which can be easily formed to provide a multiple thickness wall aboutthe opening formed of segments nested snugly one within the other and each supporting the other so as to form a protection of substantial thick ness against the action of heat and pressure. The inventiony is also highly important in protecting water openings in the gasket for- -reasons above indicated.

I have shown the invention Vin several selected embodiments suitable for the purpose in the accompanying drawings and I reserve the right to make all such changes vin the ing a marginal edge curled upon itself to formc a bead in which the convolutions are compactly wound to be in snug contact one within the other throughout the extent thereof.

2. A gasket comprising a `metal layer havinga marginal edge spirally curled upon itself to form a beadon one side of the layer,

the convolutions of said bead being arranged compactly in-snug contact one within the other.

3. A gasket comprising a metal layer having an integral marginal edge vbent upon itself andforming an elliptical bead composed of a plurality of segments arranged one within the other and with the surfaces of adjacentsegments snugly contacting with each other.

. 4. A gasket comprising two outer metal layers and a refractory intermediate layer, a marginal edge of one metal layer being curled upon itself to form a-bead and a corresponding marginal edge on the othermetal layer being flanged and enclpsing said bead. 5. A gasket comprising wo outer metal i vlayers and a refractoryintermediate layer,

a marginal edge of one metal layer being curled upon itself to form a spiral bead and-a corresponding marginal edge on the other metal layer being Hanged and snugly enclosing' said bead.

6. A gasket comprising Atwo outer metal layers and a refractory intermediate layer, corresponding marginal edges on said layers being bent and interengaged to form a triple thickness wall of metal at said marginal edge. 1

Av gasket comprising top and `bottom metal layers and a refractory intermediate layer, a marginal edge on the top layer being curled upon itself on theinner side thereof to form a bead and-a corresponding marginal edge on the bottom metal layer being anged and enclosing said bead.

8. A gasket comprising top and bottom `metal layers and a refractory intermediate layer, a marginal edge on one metal layer being curled upon itself to form a bead on theouter edge of said layer and a corresponding marginal edge on the other metal layer beingianged over said bead.

FRANK J. OVEN. 

